Polish motorboat licence (Patent sternika motorowodnego): exam, entitlements and fees practice test

Questions and answers

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1. 1.Question 1 of 75Signals to attract attention must:

   A.Be chosen from the distress signals listed in Annex IV to the RulesB.Not be mistaken for any prescribed signal or aid to navigationC.Be made only by whistle, so that they are not confused with lightsD.Be made only by radio, on the distress and calling channel
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   Correct answer: B. Not be mistaken for any prescribed signal or aid to navigation

   Rule 36: signals to attract attention must not be mistaken for any other prescribed signal or navigation aid.

   Study Rule 36: Signals to Attract Attention

2. 2.Question 2 of 75Where is an isolated danger mark laid in relation to the danger it marks?

   A.On the danger itself, or moored over itB.Due north of it, at a charted distanceC.At the limit of the safe passing distanceD.On the channel edge closest to the danger
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   Correct answer: A. On the danger itself, or moored over it

   R1001: an isolated danger mark is erected on, or moored on or above, a danger of limited extent with navigable water all around it. It does not mark a passing distance: check charts and nautical publications for the danger's extent.

   Study: IALA Isolated Danger Marks

3. 3.Question 3 of 75How does IALA Region B differ from Region A?

   A.The lateral shapes swap sides — cans to starboardB.The colours are reversed — red to starboardC.Cardinal marks swap their black and yellow bandsD.Only the topmarks differ
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   Correct answer: B. The colours are reversed — red to starboard

   Region A: port-hand red, starboard-hand green. Region B: port-hand green, starboard-hand red. Interpret both in the charted conventional direction of buoyage.

   Study: IALA Lateral Marks (Region A & B)

4. 4.Question 4 of 75Navigation lights must be displayed:

   A.From sunset to sunrise, and by day only when anchored in or near a fairwayB.From sunset to sunrise and, if carried, also by day in restricted visibilityC.From one hour before sunset until one hour after sunrise, whatever the visibilityD.Only when other vessels are nearby, by day or by night
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   Correct answer: B. From sunset to sunrise and, if carried, also by day in restricted visibility

   Rule 20(b) requires prescribed lights from sunset to sunrise. Under 20(c), those lights, if carried, must also be shown by day in restricted visibility and may be shown in other circumstances when deemed necessary.

   Study Rule 20: Application (Lights)

5. 5.Question 5 of 75Under Rule 36, which kind of light shall be avoided when attracting another vessel's attention?

   A.A searchlight beam directed toward the dangerB.A light that cannot be mistaken for an aid to navigationC.A light signal that cannot be mistaken for any signal authorized elsewhere in the RulesD.High-intensity intermittent or revolving lights, such as strobes
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   Correct answer: D. High-intensity intermittent or revolving lights, such as strobes

   Rule 36: attention signals must not be mistaken for any signal authorized elsewhere in the Rules or for an aid to navigation, and a searchlight may be directed toward the danger. For this purpose the use of high-intensity intermittent or revolving lights, such as strobe lights, shall be avoided.

   Study Rule 36: Signals to Attract Attention

6. 6.Question 6 of 75The second masthead light on a power-driven vessel must be:

   A.Abaft of and at the same height as the forward oneB.Lower than the forward oneC.Abaft of and higher than the forward oneD.Directly above the forward one, on the same mast
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   Correct answer: C. Abaft of and higher than the forward one

   Rule 23(a)(ii): the second masthead light must be abaft of and higher than the forward one.

   Study Rule 23: Power-driven Vessels Underway

7. 7.Question 7 of 75Which sound signal is listed in Annex IV (Rule 37) as a distress signal?

   A.At least five short, rapid blasts on the ship's whistleB.A continuous sounding with any fog-signalling apparatusC.One short, one prolonged and one short blastD.Four short blasts repeated every two minutes
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   Correct answer: B. A continuous sounding with any fog-signalling apparatus

   Rule 37 / Annex IV: a continuous sounding with any fog-signalling apparatus is a distress signal. Five short and rapid blasts is the Rule 34(d) doubt signal; short-prolonged-short is the Rule 35(g) anchor warning; four short blasts is the Rule 35(k) pilot identity signal.

   Study Rule 37: Distress Signals

8. 8.Question 8 of 75If circumstances admit, action to avoid collision shall be:

   A.Minimal to conserve fuelB.Positive, made in ample timeC.Delayed until the last safe momentD.A series of small course adjustments
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   Correct answer: B. Positive, made in ample time

   Rule 8(a) requires action in accordance with Part B and, if circumstances admit, positive action made in ample time with due regard to good seamanship.

   Study Rule 8: Action to Avoid Collision

9. 9.Question 9 of 75Under the standard arrangement in Rule 25(a), a sailing vessel underway displays which navigation lights?

   A.A masthead light, sidelights and a sternlightB.Sidelights and a sternlightC.An all-round white light onlyD.Sidelights only
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   Correct answer: B. Sidelights and a sternlight

   Rule 25(a) prescribes sidelights and a sternlight for a sailing vessel underway. Rule 25(b) permits a combined lantern below 20 m; paragraph (c) allows a separate red-over-green pair, not with that combined lantern; paragraph (d) provides a conditional alternative below 7 m.

   Study Rule 25: Sailing Vessels Underway and Vessels Under Oars

10. 10.Question 10 of 75What body shape does an emergency wreck marking buoy have?

    A.Pillar or sparB.Can or conicalC.Spherical or canD.Conical or spherical
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    Correct answer: A. Pillar or spar

    R1001: the emergency wreck marking buoy is a pillar or spar buoy. Can and conical shapes are lateral shapes; spherical is used by safe water marks.

    Study: IALA Emergency Wreck Marking Buoy

11. 11.Question 11 of 75Under Rule 35(a), a power-driven vessel making way through the water in restricted visibility sounds:

    A.Two prolonged blasts at intervals of not more than 2 minutesB.One prolonged blast at intervals of not more than 2 minutesC.One short blast at intervals of not more than 1 minuteD.Three short blasts at intervals of not more than 2 minutes
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    Correct answer: B. One prolonged blast at intervals of not more than 2 minutes

    Rule 35(a): one prolonged blast at intervals of not more than 2 minutes.

    Study Rule 35: Sound Signals in Restricted Visibility

12. 12.Question 12 of 75Two sailing vessels in sight approach with risk of collision, neither overtaking, and have wind on different sides. Which gives way?

    A.The vessel with the wind on her starboard side gives wayB.The vessel with wind on port side gives wayC.The vessel to windward gives wayD.Both vessels alter course to starboard
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    Correct answer: B. The vessel with wind on port side gives way

    Rule 12(a)(i): when each has wind on a different side, the vessel with wind on port side keeps out of the way.

    Study Rule 12: Sailing Vessels

13. 13.Question 13 of 75A power-driven vessel towing astern with tow length exceeding 200 metres, measured from her stern to the after end of the tow, shows:

    A.Two masthead lights in a vertical lineB.Three masthead lights in a horizontal lineC.Three masthead lights in a vertical lineD.Four masthead lights in a vertical line
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    Correct answer: C. Three masthead lights in a vertical line

    Rule 24(a)(i): three masthead lights in a vertical line when the tow exceeds 200 metres.

    Study Rule 24: Towing and Pushing

14. 14.Question 14 of 75The stand-on vessel MUST take action to help avoid collision when:

    A.The give-way vessel sounds one short blast while altering to starboardB.Collision cannot be avoided by the give-way vessel acting aloneC.A third vessel enters the area and the situation becomes complexD.Visibility becomes restricted during the encounter
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    Correct answer: B. Collision cannot be avoided by the give-way vessel acting alone

    Rule 17(b): once so close that the give-way vessel alone cannot avoid collision, the stand-on vessel shall take action that best helps avoid it. Rule 17(a)(ii) separately permits earlier action when the give-way vessel is not taking appropriate action.

    Study Rule 17: Action by Stand-on Vessel

15. 15.Question 15 of 75A large vessel fine on the starboard bow shows only a slight bearing change over time, and range is decreasing. What is the safest conclusion?

    A.No risk exists because the bearing is not perfectly steadyB.Risk may still exist and should be treated as realC.The give-way vessel can wait for VHF confirmationD.AIS CPA alone is enough to dismiss collision risk
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    Correct answer: B. Risk may still exist and should be treated as real

    Rule 7 warns that even when bearing changes, collision risk may still exist, especially with a large vessel or at close range. If in doubt, deem the risk to exist.

    Study Rule 7: Risk of Collision

16. 16.Question 16 of 75Which factor is NOT listed in Rule 6 for determining safe speed?

    A.The state of visibilityB.Traffic density, including fishing vesselsC.Vessel's commercial scheduleD.Stopping distance and turning ability
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    Correct answer: C. Vessel's commercial schedule

    Rule 6 lists visibility, traffic density, manoeuvrability, etc. Commercial schedule is never a factor in safe speed determination.

    Study Rule 6: Safe Speed

17. 17.Question 17 of 75In the COLREG, what does the word 'whistle' mean (Rule 32)?

    A.Any sound-signalling appliance that can give the prescribed blasts and meets Annex IIIB.Only a mouth-blown whistle kept with the life-saving appliances on boardC.Any horn or siren that can give the prescribed blasts, whatever its sound level and rangeD.Only a steam or compressed-air whistle mounted high on the funnel or mast
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    Correct answer: A. Any sound-signalling appliance that can give the prescribed blasts and meets Annex III

    Rule 32(a): 'whistle' means any sound-signalling appliance capable of producing the prescribed blasts and complying with the specifications in Annex III, so sound level and audibility are part of the definition.

    Study Rule 32: Definitions (Sound Signals)

18. 18.Question 18 of 75A proper look-out must be maintained:

    A.Only at nightB.Only in fogC.At all timesD.Only when underway
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    Correct answer: C. At all times

    Rule 5 requires every vessel to maintain a proper look-out at ALL times.

    Study Rule 5: Look-out

19. 19.Question 19 of 75Local harbour authorities may make special rules that:

    A.May set the COLREGs aside entirely within port limitsB.Must conform as closely as possible to COLREGsC.Apply only to recreational craft under 20 mD.May cover speed limits only, not navigation rules
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    Correct answer: B. Must conform as closely as possible to COLREGs

    Rule 1(b) permits appropriate authorities to make special rules for connected navigable roadsteads, harbours, rivers, lakes and inland waterways; these must conform as closely as possible to COLREG.

    Study Rule 1: Application

20. 20.Question 20 of 75Which of these may be fitted to an emergency wreck marking buoy?

    A.An EPIRB distress beaconB.A NAVTEX transmitterC.An AIS transponderD.A VHF DSC radio
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    Correct answer: C. An AIS transponder

    R1001: an emergency wreck marking buoy may carry an AIS transponder and, if fitted, a RACON. EPIRBs, NAVTEX and DSC belong to the GMDSS equipment of ships and shore stations, not to buoyage.

    Study: IALA Emergency Wreck Marking Buoy

21. 21.Question 21 of 75A 12-metre sailing yacht wants to cross a traffic lane and decides to linger inside the lane while sorting sails because she is exempt from using the main lane. What is correct?

    A.Acceptable because sailing vessels have absolute priority in a TSSB.Acceptable because vessels under 20 metres may use any part of the scheme, including the laneC.Incorrect because she must not impede a power-driven vessel following the traffic laneD.Incorrect only when visibility is restricted and the lane is busy
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    Correct answer: C. Incorrect because she must not impede a power-driven vessel following the traffic lane

    Under Rule 10, small vessels and sailing vessels may have limited allowances, but they still shall not impede the safe passage of a power-driven vessel following a traffic lane.

    Study Rule 10: Traffic Separation Schemes

22. 22.Question 22 of 75A vessel constrained by her draught may display:

    A.Two red all-round lights verticallyB.Three red all-round lights verticallyC.A single all-round blue lightD.Red-white-red all-round lights
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    Correct answer: B. Three red all-round lights vertically

    Rule 28: three red all-round lights vertically, in addition to normal power-driven vessel lights.

    Study Rule 28: Vessels Constrained by Their Draught

23. 23.Question 23 of 75In thick fog another vessel is detected only by ARPA and is not in sight. Its bearing is steady and range is closing fast. Which rule governs the avoiding action?

    A.Rule 15 — crossing situation, give way as normalB.Rule 14 — head-on, alter to starboard as in clear weatherC.Rule 19 — restricted visibility, because vessels are not in sightD.Rule 13 — overtaking, because the bearing is steady
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    Correct answer: C. Rule 19 — restricted visibility, because vessels are not in sight

    Rule 11 restricts Section II (including crossing, head-on and overtaking) to vessels in sight of one another. A target detected only on radar is not 'in sight'; Rule 19 governs instead.

    Study Rule 11: Application

24. 24.Question 24 of 75A vessel of 12 metres or more aground at night additionally shows:

    A.Two green all-round lights verticallyB.Three red all-round lights verticallyC.Two red all-round lights verticallyD.One red all-round light
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    Correct answer: C. Two red all-round lights vertically

    Rule 30(d): a vessel aground shows anchor lights plus two all-round red lights in a vertical line.

    Study Rule 30: Anchored Vessels and Vessels Aground

25. 25.Question 25 of 75A vessel of 50 metres or more at anchor at night shows:

    A.Two all-round red lights in a vertical lineB.An all-round white light forward and a lower one aftC.An all-round white light aft and a lower one forwardD.A single all-round white light where it can best be seen
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    Correct answer: B. An all-round white light forward and a lower one aft

    Rule 30(a): an all-round white light in the fore part and another all-round white light at a lower level near the stern.

    Study Rule 30: Anchored Vessels and Vessels Aground

26. 26.Question 26 of 75The day shape for a vessel constrained by draught is:

    A.A ballB.A diamondC.A cylinderD.Two cones point to point
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    Correct answer: C. A cylinder

    Rule 28: the day shape is a cylinder.

    Study Rule 28: Vessels Constrained by Their Draught

27. 27.Question 27 of 75A cardinal mark and an isolated danger mark can both warn of a danger. What does the cardinal mark tell you that the isolated danger mark does not?

    A.How far from the danger you must pass to be safeB.That the danger is newly found and not yet chartedC.That navigable water lies all the way around itD.The side of the danger where the safe water lies
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    Correct answer: D. The side of the danger where the safe water lies

    A cardinal mark names the quadrant in which the safe water lies, so you pass on its named side. An isolated danger mark instead shows a danger of limited extent with navigable water all around it. Neither gives a passing distance: take that from charts and nautical publications.

    Study: IALA Isolated Danger Marks

28. 28.Question 28 of 75Compliance with the COLREGs:

    A.Relieves the stand-on vessel of all liability once she has kept her courseB.Does not exonerate a vessel from the consequences of neglecting good seamanshipC.Is compulsory only for vessels over 12 metres; smaller craft may rely on seamanshipD.Is optional in territorial waters where the coastal state's own rules prevail
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    Correct answer: B. Does not exonerate a vessel from the consequences of neglecting good seamanship

    Rule 2(a) states nothing in the rules exonerates any vessel from the consequences of neglecting good seamanship.

    Study Rule 2: Responsibility

29. 29.Question 29 of 75In restricted visibility, a pilot vessel on pilotage duty may add to her Rule 35(a), (b) or (g) signals an identity signal of:

    A.Five short blastsB.Three short blastsC.Four short blastsD.Four prolonged blasts
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    Correct answer: C. Four short blasts

    Rule 35(k): a pilot vessel when engaged on pilotage duty may, in addition to the signals prescribed in paragraphs (a), (b) or (g), sound an identity signal consisting of four short blasts.

    Study Rule 35: Sound Signals in Restricted Visibility

30. 30.Question 30 of 75How should you use an isolated danger mark when planning to pass it?

    A.Pass on the side named by its topmark, exactly as you would with a cardinal markB.Check charts and publications for the danger's extent and safe distanceC.Pass close aboard on any side, because the danger lies only directly beneath the markD.Leave it to port, as you would a red lateral mark
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    Correct answer: B. Check charts and publications for the danger's extent and safe distance

    An isolated danger mark is on or near a danger with navigable water around it. Consult charts and nautical publications for the extent of the danger and a safe passing distance.

    Study: IALA Isolated Danger Marks

31. 31.Question 31 of 75At night you see a white light flashing VQ(9) every 10 s. Which mark is it, and where does the navigable water lie?

    A.A West cardinal; navigable water lies to the westB.An East cardinal; navigable water lies to the eastC.A West cardinal; navigable water lies to the eastD.A South cardinal; navigable water lies to the south
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    Correct answer: A. A West cardinal; navigable water lies to the west

    VQ(9) 10 s (or Q(9) 15 s) is the West cardinal light: nine flashes, like 9 o'clock. Navigable water lies on the named side, to the west of the mark.

    Study: IALA Cardinal Marks

32. 32.Question 32 of 75Annex IV (Rule 37) lists a gun or other explosive signal as a distress signal when it is fired:

    A.At intervals of about ten minutesB.Only once, as a single shotC.At intervals of about one minuteD.At intervals of about five seconds
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    Correct answer: C. At intervals of about one minute

    Rule 37 / Annex IV: a gun or other explosive signal fired at intervals of about a minute indicates distress and need of assistance.

    Study Rule 37: Distress Signals

33. 33.Question 33 of 75A masthead light shows over an arc of:

    A.135 degreesB.180 degreesC.225 degreesD.360 degrees
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    Correct answer: C. 225 degrees

    Rule 21(a): masthead light shows over an arc of 225 degrees from dead ahead to 22.5 degrees abaft the beam on each side.

    Study Rule 21: Definitions (Lights)

34. 34.Question 34 of 75Which of these is listed in Annex IV (Rule 37) as a visual distress signal?

    A.Rockets throwing green stars at short intervalsB.A white hand flare held up highC.A flashing blue all-round lightD.A smoke signal giving off orange-coloured smoke
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    Correct answer: D. A smoke signal giving off orange-coloured smoke

    Rule 37 / Annex IV: a smoke signal giving off orange-coloured smoke is a distress signal. Annex IV rockets throw red stars, and its parachute and hand flares show a red light; blue or white lights are not on the list.

    Study Rule 37: Distress Signals

35. 35.Question 35 of 75In restricted visibility, a manned vessel being towed (the last of the tow if there are several) sounds at intervals of not more than 2 minutes:

    A.One prolonged blast followed by two short blastsB.One prolonged followed by three short blastsC.Two prolonged blasts about 2 seconds apartD.Four short blasts in rapid succession
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    Correct answer: B. One prolonged followed by three short blasts

    Rule 35(e): a towed vessel, or the last vessel of the tow, if manned, sounds one prolonged followed by three short blasts at intervals of not more than 2 minutes, when practicable immediately after the towing vessel's signal. One prolonged and two short (Rule 35(c)) is the towing vessel's own signal.

    Study Rule 35: Sound Signals in Restricted Visibility

36. 36.Question 36 of 75The day shape for a vessel engaged in fishing is:

    A.Two cones base to baseB.One cone, point downwardsC.Two cones point to pointD.A cylinder
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    Correct answer: C. Two cones point to point

    Rule 26: fishing vessels display two cones point to point in a vertical line as a day shape.

    Study Rule 26: Fishing Vessels

37. 37.Question 37 of 75What light does a lit preferred-channel (modified lateral) mark show at a channel division?

    A.Composite group flashing Fl(2+1), in its main colourB.Group flashing Fl(2), always whiteC.Quick flashing Q, white, as on a North cardinalD.Long flash every 10 s, white, as on safe water marks
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    Correct answer: A. Composite group flashing Fl(2+1), in its main colour

    A modified lateral mark shows composite group flashing Fl(2+1) in the main colour of the mark. White Fl(2) belongs to isolated danger marks.

    Study: IALA Lateral Marks (Region A & B)

38. 38.Question 38 of 75Which white light characteristic belongs to an East cardinal mark?

    A.VQ(9) every 10 s or Q(9) every 15 sB.VQ(3) every 5 s or Q(3) every 10 sC.VQ(6)+LFl every 10 s or Q(6)+LFl every 15 sD.Continuous Q or VQ, with no groups
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    Correct answer: B. VQ(3) every 5 s or Q(3) every 10 s

    East cardinal: VQ(3) 5 s or Q(3) 10 s — three flashes, like 3 o'clock. West uses 9 flashes, South 6 plus a long flash, North continuous flashing.

    Study: IALA Cardinal Marks

39. 39.Question 39 of 75Five or more short and rapid blasts mean:

    A.I intend to overtake you on your starboard sideB.Agreement: I understand and will let you overtake meC.Doubt or danger — the intentions of the other vessel are not understoodD.Warning: I am nearing a bend or area where other vessels may be obscured
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    Correct answer: C. Doubt or danger — the intentions of the other vessel are not understood

    Rule 34(d): at least five short and rapid blasts indicate doubt about whether sufficient action is being taken.

    Study Rule 34: Manoeuvring and Warning Signals

40. 40.Question 40 of 75So far as possible, the give-way vessel shall take action that is:

    A.Minimal and gradualB.Early and substantialC.Only a speed reductionD.Directed by the stand-on vessel
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    Correct answer: B. Early and substantial

    Rule 16 requires every vessel directed to keep out of the way, so far as possible, to take early and substantial action to keep well clear.

    Study Rule 16: Action by Give-way Vessel

41. 41.Question 41 of 75From what length must a vessel be provided with a bell in addition to a whistle?

    A.12 metres or moreB.20 metres or moreC.50 metres or moreD.100 metres or more
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    Correct answer: B. 20 metres or more

    Rule 33(a): a vessel of 12 m or more has a whistle; from 20 m she also has a bell; from 100 m she additionally has a gong.

    Study Rule 33: Equipment for Sound Signals

42. 42.Question 42 of 75Under the normal arrangement in Rule 23(a), a power-driven vessel of 50 metres or more underway must show:

    A.One masthead light, sidelights, and sternlightB.Two masthead lights, sidelights, and sternlightC.Three masthead lights, sidelights, and sternlightD.Two masthead lights and sidelights, but no sternlight
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    Correct answer: B. Two masthead lights, sidelights, and sternlight

    Rule 23(a): vessels 50m+ must show two masthead lights (forward and aft), sidelights, and sternlight.

    Study Rule 23: Power-driven Vessels Underway

43. 43.Question 43 of 75A 'vessel not under command' (NUC) is one that:

    A.From the nature of her work is restricted in her ability to manoeuvre as required and so cannot keep out of the wayB.Because of her draught in relation to the available depth of water is severely restricted in deviating from her courseC.Through exceptional circumstances cannot manoeuvre as required and therefore cannot keep out of another vessel's wayD.Is fishing with nets, lines or trawls that restrict her manoeuvrability and so cannot keep out of the way
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    Correct answer: C. Through exceptional circumstances cannot manoeuvre as required and therefore cannot keep out of another vessel's way

    Rule 3(f) requires both inability to manoeuvre as required because of exceptional circumstances and consequent inability to keep out of another vessel's way.

    Study Rule 3: General Definitions

44. 44.Question 44 of 75A vessel nearing a bend in a channel sounds one prolonged blast. How must an approaching vessel that hears it from behind the bend answer?

    A.With five short and rapid blastsB.With two short blastsC.With one short blastD.With one prolonged blast
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    Correct answer: D. With one prolonged blast

    Rule 34(e): the signal shall be answered with a prolonged blast by any approaching vessel that may be within hearing around the bend or behind the intervening obstruction.

    Study Rule 34: Manoeuvring and Warning Signals

45. 45.Question 45 of 75Under IALA R1001 edition 2.0, what may a special mark used as a Mobile Aid to Navigation (MAtoN) identify?

    A.A floating object posing a collision hazardB.The landfall point of a fairway approachC.The preferred channel at a channel divisionD.The safe side of a fixed, charted danger
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    Correct answer: A. A floating object posing a collision hazard

    Edition 2.0 allows a Mobile Aid to Navigation (MAtoN) to mark a floating object that poses a collision hazard. Landfall is a safe water mark, the preferred channel a modified lateral mark, and the safe side of a danger a cardinal mark.

    Study: IALA Special Marks

46. 46.Question 46 of 75A 'short blast' is defined as a blast of about:

    A.Half a secondB.One secondC.Three secondsD.Five seconds
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    Correct answer: B. One second

    Rule 32(b): a short blast means a blast of about one second's duration.

    Study Rule 32: Definitions (Sound Signals)

47. 47.Question 47 of 75What are the colours of a South cardinal mark?

    A.Black above yellowB.Yellow above blackC.Black, yellow, blackD.Yellow, black, yellow
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    Correct answer: B. Yellow above black

    South cardinal: yellow above black, with two black cones pointing down. North is black above yellow; East is black-yellow-black; West is yellow-black-yellow.

    Study: IALA Cardinal Marks

48. 48.Question 48 of 75Which of these is a typical use of a special mark?

    A.Marking a cable or pipeline areaB.Marking the port side of a channelC.Marking a newly discovered wreckD.Marking the landfall of a fairway
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    Correct answer: A. Marking a cable or pipeline area

    Special marks indicate areas or features such as cables, pipelines, spoil grounds, military exercise zones, ODAS and recreation zones. New dangers may instead be marked with lateral, cardinal, isolated-danger or emergency-wreck marks, as the competent authority determines (R1001 §3.2.2).

    Study: IALA Special Marks

49. 49.Question 49 of 75Under Rule 36, a vessel trying to attract attention may direct her searchlight beam:

    A.In the direction of the danger, without embarrassing any vesselB.At the other vessel's bridge, held there until she has answeredC.Only straight up at the sky, so it cannot dazzle anyoneD.Only at vessels at anchor, never at vessels underway
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    Correct answer: A. In the direction of the danger, without embarrassing any vessel

    Rule 36: any vessel may direct the beam of her searchlight in the direction of the danger, in such a way as not to embarrass any vessel.

    Study Rule 36: Signals to Attract Attention

50. 50.Question 50 of 75Under Rule 32, how long does a 'prolonged blast' last?

    A.About one secondB.From two to three secondsC.From four to six secondsD.From ten to fifteen seconds
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    Correct answer: C. From four to six seconds

    Rule 32(c): a prolonged blast is a blast of from four to six seconds' duration. A blast of about one second is a short blast (Rule 32(b)).

    Study Rule 32: Definitions (Sound Signals)

51. 51.Question 51 of 75Two power-driven vessels in sight are crossing with risk of collision. The give-way vessel has the other on her:

    A.Port sideB.Starboard sideC.Port quarter, abaft the beamD.Right ahead
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    Correct answer: B. Starboard side

    Rule 15: the vessel which has the other on her starboard side shall keep out of the way.

    Study Rule 15: Crossing Situation

52. 52.Question 52 of 75The towing light is:

    A.White, with the same arc as the sternlightB.Yellow, with the same arc as the masthead lightC.Yellow, with the same arc as the sternlightD.Yellow and flashing, visible all round the horizon
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    Correct answer: C. Yellow, with the same arc as the sternlight

    Rule 21(d) defines the towing light as yellow with the same characteristics as the sternlight. Rule 24(a)(iv) places it in a vertical line above the sternlight.

    Study Rule 24: Towing and Pushing

53. 53.Question 53 of 75If an emergency wreck marking buoy carries a RACON, which Morse letter does it transmit?

    A.A (dot–dash)B.K (dash–dot–dash)C.U (dot–dot–dash)D.D (dash–dot–dot)
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    Correct answer: D. D (dash–dot–dot)

    The RACON on an emergency wreck marking buoy, if fitted, is coded Morse D (dash–dot–dot).

    Study: IALA Emergency Wreck Marking Buoy

54. 54.Question 54 of 75Where it is impracticable for a seaplane or WIG craft to show the lights and shapes prescribed in Part C, she must:

    A.Exhibit only her aviation navigation lights, because Part C does not apply to aircraftB.Exhibit lights and shapes as closely similar as possible in characteristics and position to those prescribedC.Exhibit the lights and shapes of a power-driven vessel of less than 12 metres in length, whatever her actual sizeD.Exhibit an all-round flashing yellow light, like an air-cushion vessel in non-displacement mode
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    Correct answer: B. Exhibit lights and shapes as closely similar as possible in characteristics and position to those prescribed

    Rule 31: where compliance is impracticable, seaplanes and WIG craft shall exhibit lights and shapes as closely similar in characteristics and position as possible.

    Study Rule 31: Seaplanes

55. 55.Question 55 of 75Section I of Part B (Rules 4–10) — look-out, safe speed, risk of collision, action to avoid collision — applies:

    A.Only when other vessels are in sightB.In any condition of visibility, day or nightC.Only in restricted visibilityD.Only when transiting a traffic separation scheme
    Show answer

    Correct answer: B. In any condition of visibility, day or night

    Rule 4 applies Section I in any condition of visibility. Rule 11 limits Section II to vessels in sight of one another. Rule 19 applies to vessels not in sight when navigating in or near restricted visibility.

    Study Rule 4: Application

56. 56.Question 56 of 75Rule 38 provides exemptions for:

    A.Recreational craft under 12 metres, from the light and sound signal requirementsB.Specified light and sound requirements for eligible older vessels complying with the 1960 rulesC.Warships and naval auxiliaries, from the positioning of lights and shapes at all timesD.Fishing vessels operating in national waters, from the sound signal appliances required by Annex III
    Show answer

    Correct answer: B. Specified light and sound requirements for eligible older vessels complying with the 1960 rules

    Rule 38 concerns vessels complying with the 1960 Collision Regulations whose keels were laid, or which were at a corresponding construction stage, before 15 July 1977. It grants only listed exemptions, some permanent and others for transition periods; navigation duties remain.

    Study Rule 38: Exemptions

57. 57.Question 57 of 75A vessel of at least 12 metres restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, other than one engaged in mineclearance, displays which status lights?

    A.Two red all-round lights verticallyB.Red-white-red all-round lights verticallyC.Green-white-green all-round lights verticallyD.Three red all-round lights vertically
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    Correct answer: B. Red-white-red all-round lights vertically

    Rule 27(b): RAM shows three all-round lights — red, white, red (top to bottom).

    Study Rule 27: Vessels Not Under Command or Restricted in Ability to Manoeuvre

58. 58.Question 58 of 75In restricted visibility, your vessel detects another by radar alone forward of the beam and needs to alter course to avoid collision. The target is not being overtaken. So far as possible, avoid:

    A.Reduce speedB.Alter course to starboardC.Alter course to portD.Use sound signals
    Show answer

    Correct answer: C. Alter course to port

    Rule 19(d)(i): when course alteration is chosen for a radar-only contact, avoid a port alteration for a vessel forward of the beam, other than a vessel being overtaken.

    Study Rule 19: Conduct of Vessels in Restricted Visibility

59. 59.Question 59 of 75If fitted, the topmark of a safe water mark is:

    A.Two black spheres, one above the otherB.A single red sphereC.A yellow X-shaped crossD.A red can
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    Correct answer: B. A single red sphere

    A safe water mark carries a single red sphere as its topmark, if fitted, on red and white vertical stripes.

    Study: IALA Safe Water Marks

60. 60.Question 60 of 75For a vessel of 50m or more, the masthead light must be visible at:

    A.3 nautical milesB.5 nautical milesC.6 nautical milesD.8 nautical miles
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    Correct answer: C. 6 nautical miles

    Rule 22: masthead light of vessels 50m+ must be visible at a minimum of 6 nautical miles.

    Study Rule 22: Visibility of Lights

61. 61.Question 61 of 75Two power-driven vessels in sight meet on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal courses with risk of collision. Under Rule 14, each shall:

    A.Alter course to portB.Alter course to starboardC.Reduce speedD.Sound one prolonged blast
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    Correct answer: B. Alter course to starboard

    Rule 14(a): each shall alter course to starboard so that each passes on the port side of the other.

    Study Rule 14: Head-on Situation

62. 62.Question 62 of 75What does a special mark by itself tell you?

    A.Navigable water lies all around the markB.A danger lies on the side of its X topmarkC.Leave it to starboard when heading inboundD.Charts and publications describe its area
    Show answer

    Correct answer: D. Charts and publications describe its area

    A special mark indicates an area or feature whose nature is described in charts and nautical publications; the mark itself gives no passing side. Navigable water all around is the meaning of a safe water mark.

    Study: IALA Special Marks

63. 63.Question 63 of 75In a narrow channel, if overtaking is possible only when the vessel ahead takes action to permit safe passing, the overtaking procedure requires:

    A.The overtaking vessel to sound five short blastsB.Agreement from the vessel being overtakenC.Permission from the port authorityD.The overtaking vessel to use the centre of the channel
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    Correct answer: B. Agreement from the vessel being overtaken

    Rule 9(e)(i): the overtaking vessel sounds the appropriate Rule 34(c)(i) signal; the vessel to be overtaken, if in agreement, gives the Rule 34(c)(ii) signal and takes steps to permit safe passing. The overtaker remains bound by Rule 13.

    Study Rule 9: Narrow Channels

64. 64.Question 64 of 75The optional pair of all-round lights near the top of a sailing vessel's mast is:

    A.White over redB.Red over greenC.Green over whiteD.Two white lights
    Show answer

    Correct answer: B. Red over green

    Rule 25(c) permits red over green all-round lights, in addition to separate sidelights and sternlight. These are not masthead lights as defined in Rule 21(a), and must not be combined with the Rule 25(b) combined lantern.

    Study Rule 25: Sailing Vessels Underway and Vessels Under Oars

65. 65.Question 65 of 75Both an isolated danger mark and a safe water mark have navigable water around them. What sets them apart?

    A.Only the safe water mark may carry a lightB.Only the safe water mark's own position is safeC.Only the isolated danger mark may be a pillarD.Only the isolated danger mark carries a topmark
    Show answer

    Correct answer: B. Only the safe water mark's own position is safe

    A safe water mark indicates navigable water all around its own position (fairway, mid-channel or landfall). An isolated danger mark stands on or over a danger of limited extent: the water around it is navigable, but its own position is not. Both may carry a white light and a topmark, and both may be pillar-shaped.

    Study: IALA Safe Water Marks

66. 66.Question 66 of 75If an isolated danger mark is lit, what light does it show?

    A.Red, group flashing Fl(2)B.White, long flash every 10 sC.White, group flashing Fl(2)D.Red, composite group flashing Fl(2+1)
    Show answer

    Correct answer: C. White, group flashing Fl(2)

    When fitted, the isolated danger light is white, group flashing (2): two flashes repeated. A long flash every 10 s belongs to safe water marks.

    Study: IALA Isolated Danger Marks

67. 67.Question 67 of 75What does a safe water mark tell you?

    A.Navigable water lies only on the side it namesB.There is a danger directly beneath the markC.There is navigable water all around the markD.A preferred channel branches off to starboard
    Show answer

    Correct answer: C. There is navigable water all around the mark

    A safe water mark indicates navigable water all around it; it is used as a fairway, mid-channel or landfall mark. Cardinal marks name a safe side.

    Study: IALA Safe Water Marks

68. 68.Question 68 of 75A vessel of less than 12 metres does not carry the appliances of Rule 33(a). What does Rule 33(b) require?

    A.Nothing: sound appliances are optional below 12 metresB.A bell, but the whistle may be left out below 12 metresC.A whistle, but only when she is navigating at nightD.Some other means of making an efficient sound signal
    Show answer

    Correct answer: D. Some other means of making an efficient sound signal

    Rule 33(b): a vessel of less than 12 m is not obliged to carry the Rule 33(a) appliances, but if she does not, she shall be provided with some other means of making an efficient sound signal.

    Study Rule 33: Equipment for Sound Signals

69. 69.Question 69 of 75A vessel of at least 12 metres not under command (NUC) shows which status lights?

    A.Two all-round green lights verticallyB.Two all-round red lights verticallyC.Three all-round red lights verticallyD.Red over white over red all-round lights
    Show answer

    Correct answer: B. Two all-round red lights vertically

    Rule 27(a)(i) prescribes two all-round red lights vertically. Under Rule 27(g), vessels under 12 metres, except those engaged in diving operations, are not required to show the Rule 27 lights and shapes.

    Study Rule 27: Vessels Not Under Command or Restricted in Ability to Manoeuvre

70. 70.Question 70 of 75A pilot vessel on duty displays at the masthead:

    A.Red over green all-round lightsB.White over red all-round lightsC.Two white all-round lightsD.Green over white all-round lights
    Show answer

    Correct answer: B. White over red all-round lights

    Rule 29(a): white over red all-round lights at or near the masthead.

    Study Rule 29: Pilot Vessels

71. 71.Question 71 of 75A vessel engaged in trawling shows:

    A.Red over white all-round lightsB.Green over white all-round lightsC.Two red all-round lightsD.White over red all-round lights
    Show answer

    Correct answer: B. Green over white all-round lights

    Rule 26(b)(i) prescribes green over white all-round lights for a vessel engaged in trawling; the fishing signals also apply while engaged in fishing at anchor.

    Study Rule 26: Fishing Vessels

72. 72.Question 72 of 75A power-driven vessel meets a constrained-by-draught ship displaying the proper signals in a dredged approach. What is the best understanding of Rule 18?

    A.The constrained-by-draught vessel becomes stand-on in every circumstanceB.The power-driven vessel should avoid impeding her safe passage if circumstances admitC.The constrained-by-draught signals are only advisory and can be ignored in a crossing situationD.Rule 18 no longer applies inside dredged channels
    Show answer

    Correct answer: B. The power-driven vessel should avoid impeding her safe passage if circumstances admit

    Rule 18 gives constrained-by-draught vessels special consideration through the 'avoid impeding' requirement. It is important, but it does not erase the need to assess the full situation under the rest of COLREG.

    Study Rule 18: Responsibilities Between Vessels

73. 73.Question 73 of 75Rule 33(a) lets the bell or gong be replaced by other equipment with the same sound characteristics, provided that:

    A.Manual sounding of the prescribed signals is always possibleB.The equipment has been type-approved by the flag State's radio serviceC.The vessel is less than 50 metres in lengthD.The same signals are also broadcast on VHF channel 16
    Show answer

    Correct answer: A. Manual sounding of the prescribed signals is always possible

    Rule 33(a): the bell or gong or both may be replaced by other equipment having the same respective sound characteristics, provided that manual sounding of the prescribed signals shall always be possible.

    Study Rule 33: Equipment for Sound Signals

74. 74.Question 74 of 75In IALA Region A, the port-hand mark colour is:

    A.Green, usually conicalB.Red, usually can-shapedC.Yellow, with an X-shaped topmarkD.Black, with red bands
    Show answer

    Correct answer: B. Red, usually can-shaped

    Region A: port-hand red, starboard-hand green. Region B: port-hand green, starboard-hand red. Interpret both in the charted conventional direction of buoyage.

    Study: IALA Lateral Marks (Region A & B)

75. 75.Question 75 of 75In a narrow channel, in sight of the vessel ahead, you intend to overtake her on her port side. Which whistle signal do you give?

    A.Two prolonged blasts followed by one short blastB.Prolonged, short, prolonged, short, in that orderC.Two prolonged blasts followed by two short blastsD.Two short blasts followed by two prolonged blasts
    Show answer

    Correct answer: C. Two prolonged blasts followed by two short blasts

    Rule 34(c)(i): two prolonged followed by two short blasts means 'I intend to overtake you on your port side'; two prolonged and one short is for her starboard side. Prolonged-short-prolonged-short is the agreement signal of the vessel being overtaken (Rule 34(c)(ii)).

    Study Rule 34: Manoeuvring and Warning Signals